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In silico medicine
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In silico medicine : ウィキペディア英語版
In silico medicine

''In silico medicine'' (also known as "''computational medicine''") is the application of in silico research to problems involving health and medicine. It is the direct use of computer simulation in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of a disease. More specifically, in silico medicine is characterized by modeling, simulation, and visualization of biological and medical processes in computers with the goal of simulating real biological processes in a virtual environment.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 work = European Commission CORDIS )
==History==
The term ''in silico'' was first used in 1989 at a workshop "Cellular Automata: Theory and Applications" by a mathematician from National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).〔http://www.orchestra-qsar.eu/about-in-silico-methods〕 The term ''in silico radiation oncology'', a precursor of generic in silico medicine was coined and first introduced by G. Stamatakos in Proceedings of the IEEE in 2002.〔G.Stamatakos, D.Dionysiou, E.Zacharaki, N.Mouravliansky,K.Nikita, N.Uzunoglu,"In silico radiation oncology: combining novel simulation algorithms with current visualization techniques," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol.90, issue 11, 2002, pp.1764-1777, DOI: 10.1109/JPROC.2002.804685 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1046955&abstractAccess=no&userType=inst〕 The same researcher coined and introduced the more generic term ''in silico oncology''.〔"Spotlight on Cancer Informatics:Georgios Stamatakos," Cancer Informatics 2006:2 pp.83-86 http://www.la-press.com/spotlight-on-cancer-informatics-georgios-s-stamatakos-phd-article-a120 OPEN ACCESS〕 In silico medicine is considered an extension of previous work using mathematical models of biological systems. It became apparent that the techniques used to model biological systems has utility to explain and predict dynamics in the medical field. The first fields in medicine to use in silico modeling were genetics, physiology and biochemistry. The field saw a dramatic influx of data when the human genome was sequenced in the 1980s and 1990s. Concurrently the increase in available computational power allowed for modeling of complex systems that were previously impractical.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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